Your content is good, but Section 3 contains an incorrect example (“ABC : ZYX”) because it mixes Atbash cipher with reverse order. I’ve corrected and standardized everything below.

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1. Semantic Word Analogies

Idea

Identify the relationship between the first pair of words and apply the same relationship to the second pair.

Rule

Common relationships include:

• Synonym
• Antonym
• Part → Whole
• Whole → Part
• Tool → Function
• Worker → Workplace
• Cause → Effect
• Object → Material
• Parent → Young One

Example 1

Problem:

Doctor : Hospital :: Teacher : ?

Solution

Step 1: Identify the relationship.

A doctor works in a hospital.

Step 2: Apply the same relationship.

A teacher works in a school.

Answer: School

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Example 2

Pen : Write :: Knife : ?

Relationship: Tool → Function

Answer: Cut

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Example 3

Hot : Cold :: Light : ?

Relationship: Opposites (Antonyms)

Answer: Dark

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Example 4

Exercise : Health :: Study : ?

Relationship: Cause → Effect

Answer: Knowledge

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2. Number Analogy Puzzles

Idea

Find the mathematical rule connecting the first number pair and apply it to the second pair.

Rule

Look for operations such as:

• Addition/Subtraction
• Multiplication/Division
• Squares/Cubes
• Prime numbers
• Digit operations

Example 1

Problem:

2 : 8 :: 3 : ?

Solution

2³ = 8

3³ = 27

Answer: 27

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Example 2

4 : 12 :: 5 : ?

4 × 3 = 12

5 × 3 = 15

Answer: 15

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Example 3

3 : 10 :: 5 : ?

3² + 1 = 10

5² + 1 = 26

Answer: 26

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Example 4

6 : 36 :: 9 : ?

6² = 36

9² = 81

Answer: 81

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3. Letter / Coding Analogies

Idea

Identify the letter transformation used in the first pair and apply the same rule to the second pair.

Rule

Possible transformations include:

• Shift letters (+1, +2, etc.)
• Shift backward
• Reverse the word
• Opposite alphabet (Atbash)
• Alternate letter changes

Example 1 (Letter Shift)

Problem:

CAT : DBU :: DOG : ?

Solution

Each letter shifts +1.

C → D

A → B

T → U

Apply to DOG:

D → E

O → P

G → H

Answer: EPH

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Example 2 (Opposite Alphabet)

Problem:

ABC : ZYX :: DEF : ?

Solution

Each letter is replaced by its opposite alphabet letter.

A → Z

B → Y

C → X

Apply the same rule:

D → W

E → V

F → U

Answer: WVU

Note: This is an Atbash (opposite alphabet) pattern, not reversing the word.

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Example 3 (Shift +1)

ACE : BDF :: GIK : ?

A → B

C → D

E → F

Apply the same rule:

G → H

I → J

K → L

Answer: HJL

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4. Odd-One-Out Categorization

Idea

Find the one item that does not belong to the common group.

Rule

Look for similarities in:

• Category
• Function
• Shape
• Number property
• Alphabet pattern

Example 1

Apple

Mango

Potato

Banana

Orange

All except Potato are fruits.

Answer: Potato

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Example 2

2

3

5

7

9

11

All are prime except 9.

Answer: 9

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Example 3

A

E

I

O

U

Y

Standard vowels are A, E, I, O, U.

Answer: Y

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Example 4

Circle

Square

Triangle

Rectangle

Only Circle has no sides.

Answer: Circle

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5. Figure Analogy & Classification

Idea

Identify the transformation between two figures and apply the same change to another figure.

Rule

Look for:

• Rotation
• Reflection
• Shading
• Number of sides
• Symmetry
• Size

Example 1

Triangle → Triangle rotated 90°

Square → ?

Apply the same rotation.

Answer: Square rotated 90°

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Example 2

Circle

Square

Triangle

Rectangle

Only Circle has no corners.

Answer: Circle

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Example 3

Black Circle

Black Square

White Circle

Black Triangle

Only White Circle is unshaded.

Answer: White Circle

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6. Number Pair & Alphabet Analogies

Idea

Find the relationship between each element of one pair and apply it to another pair.

Rule

The same mathematical or alphabetic operation must apply to corresponding elements.

Example 1

(3,5) : (9,15)

(4,7) : ?

Multiply each number by 3.

4 × 3 = 12

7 × 3 = 21

Answer: (12,21)

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Example 2

(2,6) : (4,36)

(3,4) : ?

Square each number.

3² = 9

4² = 16

Answer: (9,16)

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Example 3

(A,C) : (B,D)

(E,G) : ?

Shift each letter by +1.

E → F

G → H

Answer: (F,H)

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7. Embedded Relationship Analogies

Idea

Identify multiple relationships (size, color, category, function, age, etc.) and apply all of them together.

Rule

Analyze every changing attribute before answering.

Example 1

Big Red Apple

:

Small Green Lime

::

Tall Dark Man

:

?

Solution

Attributes:

• Big → Small
• Red → Green
• Apple → Lime

Apply the same pattern:

• Tall → Short
• Dark → Fair (or Light)
• Man → Woman

Answer: Short Fair Woman

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Example 2

Summer : Hot : Beach

::

Winter : ?

Summer → Winter

Hot → Cold

Beach → Mountain

Answer: Cold Mountain

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Example 3

Puppy : Dog :: Kitten : ?

Puppy is the young one of a Dog.

Kitten is the young one of a Cat.

Answer: Cat

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Quick Exam Tricks

Word Analogies

Worker → Workplace
Tool → Function
Cause → Effect
Part → Whole
Synonym / Antonym

Number Analogies

✓ + / −
✓ × / ÷
✓ Square / Cube
✓ Prime Numbers
✓ Digit Operations

Letter Analogies

✓ +1 / +2 Shift
✓ −1 Shift
✓ Reverse Word
✓ Opposite Alphabet (Atbash)
✓ Alternate Letter Pattern

Odd One Out

Find the common property.
The item that breaks the pattern is the answer.

This corrected version aligns with the analogy patterns commonly used in SSC, Banking, Railways, UPSC CSAT, and other competitive aptitude examinations.